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VIDEO: Bondi: Path to Terror

  • Four Corners

Wed 11 FebWednesday 11 FebruaryWed 11 Feb 2026 at 6:41am
A graphic with the face of one of the Bondi gunmen and a still of another holding a gun. It has the title 'Bondi Path to Terror'

Bondi: Path to Terror examines whether there were failures in intelligence and counterterrorism. (Four Corners)

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'BONDI: Path to Terror'

9 February 2026

Four Corners

***PROGRAM WARNING: This program contains antisemitic material and graphic images from the Bondi terrorism attack.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: From a quiet teenager. To mass murderer. Naveed Akram and his father, Sajid, are responsible for the deadliest terrorist attack on Australian soil.

ANTHONY ALBANESE, PRIME MINISTER: An act of evil, antisemitism, terrorism that has struck the heart of our nation.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Australia is in shock at the killing of 15 people…

… on behalf of the Islamic State terrorist group, or ISIS.

KRISSY BARRETT, AFP COMMISSIONER: These individuals are alleged to have acted alone

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Immediately questions were asked about intelligence failures…

MIKE BURGESS, ASIO DIRECTOR GENERAL: One of these individuals was known to us, but not in an immediate threat perspective, so obviously we need to look into what happened here.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: We tracked down an insider who gathered intelligence for Australia's spy agency, ASIO. And he told us astonishing information about the Bondi attackers.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: Have Australians been told the real story about what happened?

MARCUS: Doesn't match what I knew about the situation.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP: Was this an intelligence failure?

NEIL FERGUS: It has the hallmarks of it

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER As the nation seeks truth and healing, this former spy wants to share what he knows with the Royal Commission.

MARCUS: People were killed And public need to understand and to see what led to this horrible terror attack.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: On Four Corners, we retrace the gunmen's path to radicalisation…we examine what our authorities knew and when… and we ask whether the Bondi massacre could have been prevented.

TITLE: BONDI: PATH TO TERROR

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Along the streets of Cabramatta, in Sydney's southwest, Naveed Akram would walk home from school…

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Hi, thanks for having us.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: His mate at Cabramatta High, Jordan Barron, joined him most afternoons.

JORDAN BARRON: This is a video of me and him in class, y'know giggling, laughing, not taking anything too serious.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP: How does this compare to the Naveed you saw in the Bondi attack?

JORDAN BARRON: It just doesn't make any sense at all. It's like two different people, totally.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Jordan was at home on the Sunday evening of December 14 when news of the attack broke.

JORDAN BARRON: I hear my mom yelling out to me, "Jordan, Jordan, there's been a shooting in Bondi". I went into the lounge room and yeah, there was a guy standing on the bridge and the person on the screen turned to the camera and I saw someone I recognised. Around five minutes later I get a bunch of notifications in one of my Snapchat groups and all I see is my friends just typing his name, Naveed, Naveed Naveed. And that's when I realised " Oh, I know this person. This is Naveed Akram." I just couldn't imagine someone I knew or had memories of could commit something so heinous. The only word I can really give him would be quiet.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Jordan says Naveed developed strong beliefs as a teenager.

JORDAN BARRON: One thing that everyone at school or everyone in his grade would realise is you don't really make any sexual or raunchy jokes around him, like nothing to do with anything gay. He was very against that. The only times I remember him getting angry or aggressive would be when anyone mentions anything that would test his faith.

NAVEED AKRAM: "Salaam Alaikum brothers, we're here at Bankstown station spreading dawah, doing the work of the prophets… continuing the work of the prophets.

Guys spread dawah wherever you can, spread the message. Whether it be raining, hailing or clear sky."

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: By the age of 17, Naveed Akram had dropped out of school and joined a crew of street preachers.

NAVEED AKRAM: "Inshallah, this will save you on the day of judgment"

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER The group, called Street Dawah, roamed Bankstown to convert teenagers.

PETA LOWE: Street Dawah in itself is quite common in many places around the world. And it's just a way that people might introduce someone to their religion of Islam. But in Australia, we know that Street Dawahs have been involved for a number of decades now in recruitment of radical and violent extremists

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Peta Lowe has spent more than a decade trying to deradicalise young terrorists.

PETA LOWE: Naveed was directly engaged with individuals who have gone on to be convicted of terrorism offences.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER There was a spy inside the group.

STREET PREACHER: Live in Bankstown, Street Dawah

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER He was undercover monitoring terrorists for Australia's intelligence agency, ASIO. He's agreed to talk to us. We're withholding our destination for his safety. It's not the time we've had to meet like this.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: Thank you for meeting with us again.

MARCUS: You are welcome.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: This man is a former human source for ASIO, known as an 'agent'. His ASIO codename was Marcus. He was never an official employee, but the agency funded his life, while he infiltrated Sydney's Islamic State network for six years.

MARCUS: The first time I met Naveed. He used to come to join our Street Dawah in Bankstown. I didn't see any concern about him. He was very normal. And he was very young at that time with not much knowledge about Islam. He was learning from people around him.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: Did you think he was capable of becoming a killer?

MARCUS: No, not at all, no.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER ASIO had recruited Marcus from the Middle East to pose as a radical imam in Sydney.

MARCUS, FORMER ASIO AGENT: I was pretending I am an extremist. I was pretending I was supporter of ISIL, ISIS.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Eight months before the Bondi attack, he warned Four Corners Australia was dangerously exposed to Islamic State terrorism.

WISAM HADDAD: If you attack Allah, if you attack our prophet, our religion, our fellow brothers and sisters, and if you attack our land, then you are going to be met with men who love death more than you love life.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: One of his main targets was this notorious preacher, Wisam Haddad… also known as Abu Ousayd… a spiritual leader for Australia's Islamic State network. Marcus spent years inside his inner circle.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: How important was Abu Ousayd to you and to ASIO as a target?

MARCUS: They look at him as he's the most important eh jihadist, extremist, preacher, sheikh, eh in Sydney.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER Wisam Haddad has been on ASIO's radar for most of his adult life. We've mapped his close ties to a web of recruiters, ISIS cells, radical prayer groups and terrorist leaders abroad.

WISAM HADDAD: Salaam Alaiykum, another day of Dawah. Don't forget to like and subscribe.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Marcus witnessed how Haddad's preachers recruited young people on the streets… and then indoctrinated them at his radical prayer hall, Al Madina Dawah Centre. Marcus said it was like an ISIS training camp.

MARCUS: Like ah I told ASIO, you think you are in an ISIL camp in Syria or in Iraq. Eh same the materials of ISIL, videos, the songs of ISILs. They are aware about all this information.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In May 2019, Bankstown Street Dawah introduced Naveed on social media as their 'new brother'.

MAY 2019 VID 'COLONEL': Usually we have a lot of shahada [conversions]. Keep coming Inshallah. Inshallah. [God willing]. Do you go to TAFE or something?

NAVEED AKRAM: Yeah, TAFE

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Wisam Haddad's preachers were part of the group.

MARCUS: Most of those attendee of this Street Da'wah are a peaceful, nice, kind people. But unfortunately, some were extremists.

YE YE: Repeat after me, I bear witness that there's no god but Allah

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Naveed Akram was brought into the group by this preacher, called Ye Ye. He's Wisam Haddad's right hand man.

WISAM HADDAD: "Come here, don't run away. This is usually what happens, we stop to get coffee at 7-11 just before we get to the city, inshallah"

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Ye Ye spent the past decade in Street Dawah groups being monitored by ASIO. The groups were recruiting young Australians to terrorism. He was with the crew filming this video of Naveed in 2019.

''COLONEL': Are you in contact with Yeye?

NAVEED: Yeah, yeah, I have his number.

'COLONEL' You keep in contact with him. [Colonel points at camera]

NAVEED: Yeah. Yeah.

'COLONEL' He is very good.

VOICE OFF CAMERA: Jazak Allah Khair [God bless you]. I'll see you later. You on YouTube? You on Facebook?

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Days after this video was posted online, Ye Ye drew Naveed in deeper. He invited him to spend 10 nights at Sydney's Othman Bin Affan mosque… on a religious retreat for Ramadan, called Itikaf, with members of a terror cell Marcus had infiltrated. Four Corners has confirmed Marcus was part of their group at the mosque.

MARCUS: First time I raised a concern about Naveed was during Ramadan 2019 as he was associated with ISIS supporters.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: He claims the group brainwashed Naveed with ISIS videos.

MARCUS: There were, a group of ISIS supporters, and Naveed was one of those, people who did this, eh, religious retreat. During those 10 nights, Naveed was exposed to material of ISIS, including clips, videos, magazines from, the Philippines, from Afghanistan, from some parts in Syria and Iraq. I was eyewitness because I was in this Itikaf, I was in this, eh, religious retreat.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: We've been unable to independently verify what happened within the group. Marcus says they showed Naveed one video on repeat…an old message from an Australian fighter in Syria, where Islamic State was collapsing.

ABU ADAM: "As for those of you who can't make it to this battle, the (unclear) in particular the muwaḥḥidīn in Australia… and if you are unable to make hijrah [migrate] and inflict terror upon the kuffar [non-believers], and punish them for their crimes against Muslims, make the lands of the crusaders your battlefield."

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: He's calling for attacks in Australia?

MARCUS: Yes

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: And Naveed watched this?

MARCUS: Yes.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Those nights in late May and early June 2019 were pivotal for Naveed… He came into contact with the terrorist who would land him on ASIO's radar: Isaac El Matari, the self-declared Australian commander of ISIS. El Matari was trying to recruit for attacks at that time.

LEVI WEST, RESEARCH FELLOW, TERRORISM & RADICALISATION, ANU: The El Matari cell. This cell had really quite diverse and significant engagement with the international Islamic state universe or ecosystem. They had connections into Lebanon, into Syria, into Kenya. They were connected to people in the United States, connected to people in Afghanistan, all part of a broad Islamic state ecosystem.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Isaac El Matari was plotting to import firearms for an insurgency involving attacks in Sydney… a plan Marcus claims was shared with Naveed.

MARCUS: Naveed was an eyewitness to Isaac, his plan of, bringing weapons from, Lebanon. Isaac, He had, contact with, ISIS extremist group in Lebanon. And those, people in this group had promised him, we can, smuggle weapon, into Australian borders.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: For what?

MARCUS: For a terror attack. Targeting some, embassies such as, the USA, Israeli, Pakistani and the Saudi embassy, church, public buildings and, the police stations.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: How did your ASIO officers respond when you reported this about Naveed?

MARCUS: They became interested because it's a very serious matter. And they ask me to put an eye on him.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: There's no way we can know what was said between Marcus and his handlers. But the mosque has confirmed Naveed Akram and Isaac El Matari were with a group who were thrown out from Itikaf. In a statement, the mosque said the group's behaviour was "hostile" and "confrontational."

"Othman Bin Affan mosque stands firmly against extremism and hate. We don't tolerate it." With in weeks of the mosque retreat, the Street Dawah group posted video online of Naveed converting other teenagers.

NAVEED AKRAM: We were created to obey Allah, and the first step is Salat, [prayer]. The

five pillars of Islam. The Five Pillars of Islam. The law of Allah is we obey him and whatever he says we do. You guys in school yeah? So in school just ask the teacher can I borrow this room and just go pray for five minutes and go back out.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Authorities had been monitoring El Matari and were becoming increasingly alarmed, as revealed later in court. They secretly recorded him in the weeks before the mosque retreat, plotting to spend "half a decade" building a network of fighters in the bush and the city. With "brothers as sleepers" … and attacks on "places of political significance" in Sydney … that were "open to the public" with "no security protecting them". He wanted to emulate an ISIS uprising … "like the boys in Marawi" … in the southern Philippines in 2017.

PETA LOWE: It's reasonable to suspect that Naveed would have been exposed to those same sorts of thinking and that those were possibilities for him to take that violent, extremist ideology onto in the future. These were relationships that he had and would have been very influential on his thinking at the time.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In July 2019 , police arrested members of the terror cell including Isaac El Matari. He was later jailed for seven years for planning terrorist attacks and trying to join ISIS abroad. In October that year, ASIO launched an investigation into Naveed Akram because of his associations with El Matari. The agency was assessing whether Naveed was a terrorism threat.

NEIL FERGUS : We can presume that there were a number of people, not to say a voluminous number, but several people spoken to who had knowledge of the person of interest to try to ascertain if a single report about a commitment to violent ideology was accurate, possibly exaggerated, possibly in some cases wrong without questioning the integrity of the person.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Neil Fergus has been a respected advisor to Western intelligence agencies and currently has a complaint against ASIO over a separate matter. He has close knowledge of how investigators would assess a report like Marcus's.

NEIL FERGUS, SECURITY SPECIALIST & CEO, INTELLIGENT RISKS: They would be weighing up that information. An analyst with genuine credentials in counterterrorism and the study of jihadist ideologies would make a recommendation.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: ASIO officers interviewed Naveed Akram and his father, Sajid. A security official told Four Corners Sajid promised that Naveed, then 18, would cut ties with extremists. This was the first time Sajid Akram entered the picture. Sajid Akram was a mysterious figure, even to some who knew him. He'd migrated from India in 1998, got married and drifted between jobs in fruit shops. A senior counterterrorism official told us investigators now believe he was already radicalised when he met with ASIO about his son… but convinced them he wasn't. Marcus has his own story about Sajid Akram, which Four Corners has been unable to independently verify…

MARCUS: Sajid and his son, Naveed, came to our, street dawah in Bankstown. It was first time I met Sajid.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: He says Sajid revealed he was also an extremist.

MARCUS: He showed his support of ISIS. He expressed his support of Isaac and his plans. He justified his plans as it's, required from us as, Muslims to support the Islamic State. To fight on behalf of them. And if we couldn't do that, we have to do hijrah — emigrate — to join them.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: How common is it to hear someone say such things in Sydney's extremist community?

MARCUS: It's unusual. Someone speaks it openly and freely. Like this, showing, supporting of, terror attacks. It's unusual. So that's why I raised concern about him. And, I, reported that to ASIO.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP, REPORTER: At that point, who was more radical, Sajid or Naveed Akram?

MARCUS: After this conversation, I thought Sajid was more extremist than his son.

NEIL FERGUS: f it was reported as is asserted by Marcus, then it should have been referred to the Joint Counter-Terrorism Team in Sydney, which is a three-agency collective, which is designed to ensure that we have appropriate transfer of intelligence between state police, federal police, and ASIO. And that means identifying people who pose potentially a risk to public safety.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In a statement, ASIO said it was constrained in its ability to respond to questions about the Akrams because of an ongoing investigation, court case and Royal Commission. Sajid Akram's path to radicalisation is critical to those inquiries.

PETA LOWE: Sometimes being able to identify radicalisation, is quite different depending on age. Sometimes, you know, as is the case with older people, they're able to think a lot clearer and manage risks a lot better. And so they sometimes do fly under the radar.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: During ASIO's investigation into Naveed Akram, they discovered he was a follower of the radical cleric Wisam Haddad. The teenager attended Haddad's prayer centre, which drew a small following at that time.

MARCUS : Naveed was joining them during their activities in Al Madina Dawah Centre like, dinners, speaking to a youth, encouraging them to, go to Al Madina Dawah Centre and to attend classes and lessons there.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: He was connecting with Haddad's youth leaders, including 22-year-old Youssef Uweinat, an Islamic State recruiter. While ASIO was investigating Naveed, police arrested Uweinat and discovered his secret chats with other teenagers. He was indoctrinating them into ISIS and urging them to carry out suicide attacks.

LEVI WEST, RESEARCH FELLOW, TERRORISM & RADICALISATION, ANU: The cell that Naveed was associating with really, its primary target for recruitment and indoctrination were children. The purpose of an organisation like Al Madina is to recruit a whole range of people but also to filter through that cohort and identify people who will be willing to or able to engage in violence.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In 2020, ASIO concluded its six-month investigation into Naveed Akram. In a statement, the organisation said it investigated the 18-year-old using its "most sensitive capabilities" and found he "did not intend to engage in violent extremism". Marcus and ASIO agree on that finding.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: By your assessment, did Naveed Akram or Sajid Akram pose a threat at that time? 2020?

MARCUS: At that time, I didn't see any real violence threat or any eh potential eh attacks eh plans. No.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: ASIO told Four Corners it assessed Naveed Akram did not support Islamic State at that time. The Prime Minister has said ASIO found there was no clear 'evidence' Naveed or Sajid Akram were radicalised. Marcus disputes those assessments.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: There must have been strong, conflicting intelligence to yours for ASIO to decide at that time that neither Naveed or Sajid Akram were radicalised.

MARCUS: I'm not sure what was behind this decision, but I'm sure that they showed, real eh signs of their radicalisation and of their, supporting of ISIS.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP: So have Australians been told the real story about what happened?

MARCUS: What they say doesn't match what I knew about the situation.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: ASIO declined an interview, but in its statement to Four Corners about "claims the Akrams embraced violent extremism in 2019", it said:

"The claims … were … found to be unsubstantiated. The ABC's source… claimed Naveed Akram said and did things that were actually said and done by an entirely different person…"

"Four Corners' source mis-identified Naveed Akram, and therefore the associated claims are untrue."

ASIO said: "Having reviewed all available intelligence, we stand by our assessment at that point in time…"

Marcus provided a response, saying: "He strongly denies ASIO's allegation that he ever misidentified Naveed Akram, someone he met on a regular, face-to-face basis over many years. This regrettable allegation is false and unsubstantiated."

RICHARD WALTON, FMR HEAD OF COUNTER TERRORISM, METROPOLITAN POLICE: It's very significant that an undercover operative tasked by ASIO has come forward to give us information. And I'm sure that ASIO will go back and look at intelligence that he's provided to make sure that their assessment was the right one and what lessons could be learned. But I should emphasise that that threat changes and morphs and moves all the time. So, the fact that an assessment was made against Naveed Akram a few years ago and he was assessed as not a current imminent threat does not mean that he couldn't have become one later. So that's why it's vitally important it's not a one-off investigation into a radicalised individual.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Despite concluding that Naveed Akram "did not adhere to or intend to engage in violent extremism", ASIO recognised he could still go on to become a terrorist. Through the Joint Counter Terrorism Team, the 18-year-old was added to a NSW Police intelligence database… called the Known Entity Management System… tracking potential extremists. He was no longer on the list by the time of the attack.

NEIL FERGUS, SECURITY SPECIALIST & CEO, INTELLIGENT RISKS: We're also told that New South Wales police did an interview. It is a little difficult to see how people could subsequently say that they didn't pose a risk and they were taken off the radar. Not impossible, but unusual. They're just questions given the gravity of this massacre need to be asked by an independent person.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: NSW Police declined to respond to our questions due to ongoing investigations and inquiries. In June 2020, two months after ASIO concluded its investigation into Naveed Akram, his father applied to NSW Police for a firearms licence. Around the same time Naveed reportedly trained with a local hunting club. He also worked as a bricklayer. NSW Police were banning associates of the El Matari cell from obtaining guns, while Marcus monitored the network.

MARCUS: There were several attempts to smuggle weapons from overseas. Another one, buying, weapons in, Australia. First option they discussed is if they can get, weapons legally. In case they couldn't find this, they will go underground to find a weapon illegally.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: NSW Police told a tribunal they suspected the terror cell was looking for a "cleanskin", a person with no criminal record, who could "legally acquire firearms … without alerting law enforcement". Sajid Akram was allowed to continue to apply for his gun licence, even though he lived in the same house as Naveed — who'd associated with members of the cell.

LEVI WEST, RESEARCH FELLOW, TERRORISM & RADICALISATION, ANU: We know from court documentation that concerns had been raised about the cell and their efforts to try and find somebody who might be able to obtain a firearms licence. One of the things that will likely come to light through the Richardson Review or through the Royal Commission is exactly why it didn't sort of lift the concerns that were associated with the Akrams.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Marcus claimed the Akrams attended Wisam Haddad's Al Madina Dawah Centre over several years, despite their earlier promise to disengage. ASIO didn't say whether it received such intelligence. Haddad has said no evidence has been produced showing any personal, organisational or instructional link with Naveed Akram. While Marcus was gathering intelligence, ASIO was in the midst of a major shift. In 2022, ASIO chief Mike Burgess announced terrorism was no longer the highest priority… and he was moving resources to other threats.

MIKE BURGESS, DIRECTOR-GENERAL, ASIO (FEB 2022): Espionage and foreign interference threats are outpacing terrorism threats, and therefore demanding more attention and more resources. ASIO lowered Australia's terrorism threat level.

MIKE BURGESS, DIRECTOR-GENERAL, ASIO (NOV 2022): The number of cases that we are investigating has moderated. Terrorism remains a priority for my organisation, and it will get the full resources it needs

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: ISIS was diminished but reviving, according to the Home Affairs boss who oversaw ASIO at the time.

MIKE PEZZULLO, SECRETARY HOME AFFAIRS, 2017-2023: I think it was fair to say that by '22, we were alert to them, there was certainly no complacency at all because we could see what they were trying to do. They'd lost their physical base, so they were trying to inspire, pushing out messages, trying to get people to ideate and turn, for instance, hatred of Jews or hatred of the West or hatred of the promiscuity, say, in the West, and turn that into violence.

MARCUS: ASIO shifted their priorities and concerns. They became less interested in focusing on jihadism and Islamist extremist and they became disinterested in a lot of, info, our work and information. From 2022, my previous, officers, were moved to to work on other aspects and, they were replaced by new officers. Unqualified. New graduates. (Sighs) Some of them, they didn't know the most important names of ISIS leaders, like Abu Mohammad Al Adnani. So, that yes, hundred percent that affected, our work on stopping, terrorism and, possible attack.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Senior ASIO officers with recent experience have told Four Corners of years of cuts to spending on counterterrorism. They speak of a dramatic loss of expertise in Islamist terrorism, human intelligence capabilities, and people power. ASIO told us this was "false", saying "the claim any resourcing decision increased the likelihood of the Bondi attack is … irresponsible and demonstrates profound ignorance".

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: How difficult a metric is that for Mike Burgess when he's looking at how to prioritise, resource, his officers' attention?

MIKE PEZZULLO: I won't speak for Mr. Burgess. He can speak for himself, but as someone who, at least up until September 23 was privy to his thinking, it's a devilish problem because in security, you always know that something will go wrong. You're always just struggling with these trade-offs. They're very hard trade-offs and these are some of the

hardest jobs in government for that reason.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: The relationship between ASIO and Marcus ultimately fell apart. As we reported last year, he was charged with assault and stalking in 2022. His cover was also blown, and he took out a restraining order saying an extremist was threatening to harm him. His charges were later withdrawn and dismissed, but ASIO pulled its support for his permanent residency and he left the country in 2023.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In its statement to Four Corners, ASIO described Marcus as 'unreliable' and 'disgruntled' … claims he denies. Marcus accused ASIO of trying to denigrate him saying, "[HIS] My whistleblowing is in the public interest… The allegation [HE IS] I am unreliable does not withstand scrutiny." He said otherwise, ASIO would not have tasked him with infiltrating dangerous terrorist networks … resulting in "successful prosecutions of terrorists and prevention of a number of … terrorist attacks".

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP: Have you made anything up?

MARCUS: If I have made anything up, they are welcome to go and sue me.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In July 2023, the NSW Police Firearms Registry issued Sajid Akram with a gun licence, after A three-year wait. He applied to buy firearms.

RICHARD WALTON, FMR HEAD OF COUNTER TERRORISM, METROPOLITAN POLICE: It looks like on this occasion, intelligence has fallen between the cracks because he shouldn't really have been given that firearms license. So they will be looking very carefully at why, Sajid Akram, why he was issued a firearms licence when the family, if you like, or is son, Navid, was investigated thoroughly for Islamic extremism. He should not have acquired that firearms licence.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: On October 7 2023, the Hamas terrorist attack on Israel lit a fuse inside Australia's extremist scene. One group celebrated the deaths of nearly 1200 people.

SHEIKH IBRAHIM DADOUN: "I'm smiling and I'm happy! I'm elated, it's a day of courage, it's a day of pride, it's a day of victory. This is the day we've been waiting for."

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Israel's war in Gaza sparked mass protests, and while the vast majority were peaceful… some at the Sydney Opera House chanted antisemitic slogans.

MIKE PEZZULLO: Everyone agrees that at a minimum, there were people calling for, "Where are the Jews or where are the Jews?" There's no doubt. In my mind, this was a new level of anti-Jewish hatred that was surfacing to full public view.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: At Al Madina Dawah Centre, Wisam Haddad's preachers stoked antisemitism, invoking a holy war.

BROTHER ISMAIL, OCT 2023: Muslims they starving for Jihad. Their hearts are aching for Jihad, they can't wait to be amongst the mujahideen.

WISAM HADDAD, NOV 2023: Towards the end of times when the Muslims will be fighting the Jews, the trees will speak, the stones will speak, and they will say: 'Oh Muslim, oh believer, there is a Yahudi (Jew) behind me, come and kill him.'

ALEX RYVCHIN, CO-CEO EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN JEWRY: When we became aware of these sermons, we publicly and privately asked the government and the police to take specific action against Wisam Haddad. We recognised in him something extremely menacing and threatening, far beyond the feelings of the community. It required police action, criminal action that wasn't forthcoming.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: The peak Jewish body took Haddad to the Federal Court which later found he and his prayer centre breached racial vilification laws. In an affidavit, Haddad brazenly disclosed he'd received so-called 'religious training' from a cleric who is a known leader in Islamic State.

ALEX RYVCHIN, CO-CEO EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN JEWRY: ISIS are unequivocally regarded as terrorist organisations. And yet an Australian can consort with these people, be trained by them and be free to walk the streets in this country and to preach and to advocate. I mean that's just absurd. It's an absurdity.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In 2024, a teenager in Haddad's network carried out a brutal attack. Stabbing a bishop who'd insulted the prophet Muhammad. Police RAIDED followers of Haddad allegedly planning terrorism against Jews. As extremist violence escalated, ASIO increased the terrorism threat level.

MIKE BURGESS, AUGUST 2024: Gaza is not the cause of this rising, but actually, I acknowledge, yes, it's a significant driver. It's driven more emotion and heat into society.

MIKE BURGESS: We are reviewing our caseload of assessed violent extremists. Many of those we've assessed do have awful ideologies but are unlikely to go to violence. In this environment it's important that we retest those assessments we've made to make sure we're paying attention to the people we know about.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: ASIO didn't answer questions about whether Naveed Akram or his father were on that list. Antisemitic violence erupted in Sydney and Melbourne, putting intense demands on ASIO. Mike Pezzullo called for a national taskforce to stop antisemitic terrorism, after being sacked from his government role.

MIKE PEZZULLO: Anti-Jewish hatred was reaching a crescendo. We'd seen firebombings, attacks on synagogues, horrendous graffiti, death threats.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Ten months before the Bondi attack, ASIO warned the killing of Jews was now the greatest risk to public safety.

MIKE BURGESS, DIRECTOR-GENERAL, ASIO: In terms of threats to life, it's my agency's No. 1 priority because of the weight of incidents we're seeing play out in this country.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: When more than 100-thousand people marched against civilian deaths in Israel's war in Gaza… Wisam Haddad exploited the moment. Posting this photo of a man on the Sydney Harbour Bridge … waving the flag made infamous by jihadists. It was the ISIS recruiter Youssef Uweinat … released from jail, after meeting Naveed Akram years earlier.

PETA LOWE: The message that that was sending was to their own followers that they are going to be able to get away with this again. To say and do things that push the boundaries of what is legally allowed. It was a call to arms to others. You will also be able to engage in this. Look, it's permissible because it's not being stopped.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: In September 2025, Islamic State issued a proclamation.

RICHARD WALTON, FMR HEAD OF COUNTER TERRORISM, METROPOLITAN POLICE: That statement from the spokesperson for Islamic State called for attacks against Jews and against Christians. When these statements get issued, there's usually an immediate response around the world.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Naveed Akram was training. Sajid Akram bought his sixth and final firearm. Police will allege that in October 2025, father and son began the final stages of planning for the massacre. They travelled to a property where they filmed themselves training with guns. The Akrams filmed a second video of themselves sitting in front of an ISIS flag and four firearms. Counter-terrorism sources have told Four Corners the pair singled out Zionists in their message … and urged viewers to travel to the Philippines and undertake training. On the first of November, they flew to the Philippines, en route to a former Islamic State hotspot, Mindanao. It didn't trigger an alert.

RICHARD WALTON, FMR HEAD OF COUNTER TERRORISM, METROPOLITAN POLICE: Why was Navid Akram not put on a flight watch list? The fact that he had been investigated should have meant when he was traveling out or returning from a clearly, from a vulnerable area in South Philippines, he should have been stopped.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: The Akrams spent four weeks booked into a budget hotel in the city of Davao. Police are still trying to determine what they were doing there. In Bondi, planning was under way for the annual Chanukah By the Sea festival. Sources have told Four Corners the Jewish Community Security Group asked NSW Police for a static police presence at the event, but they declined. We asked the Premier if this was the wrong decision.

CHRIS MINNS. NSW PREMIER: Yeah. I mean, in hindsight, yes, because we had the worst terrorist event in Australia's history and it happened in Bondi on that night. So any answer other than that is ridiculous.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Police allege that after returning to Australia, the Akrams were filmed on CCTV scoping Bondi… and later smuggling a bundle of firearms to their car. Just after 6:40pm, on December 14, Naveed and Sajid Akram opened fire on the crowd in Archer Park … killing 15 people and injuring 40. By then Naveed Akram was no longer on the NSW Police watchlist.

CHRIS MINNS, NSW PREMIER: Obviously, something went badly wrong. And the reason we know that is that this man is responsible for a horrifying crime and it went bad. It went incredibly bad and we need to own up to that.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Police shot dead Sajid Akram and charged his wounded son with terrorism and murder. After years of demands for action from the Jewish community, Wisam Haddad's Al Madina Dawah Centre was ordered to close following the attack.

ALEX RYVCHIN, CO-CEO EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN JEWRY: Wisam Haddad created the forum, the venue, that so called study centre, that prayer group that attracted these individuals that might take up that battle cry. The fact that he's a free man today I think should shock all Australians. There was clearly intelligence about him going back many years and what did we think was going to happen with that? When you have young men hanging on his every word with access to weapons, what is going to happen? We've seen what's happened.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: Haddad vehemently denies any knowledge of or involvement in the attack and the ABC does not suggest otherwise. He said there was 'no evidence' to support the allegation he's a spiritual leader of ISIS. Ye Ye told us he had nothing to do with the attack, no recent contact with the Akrams, and that he opposed the killing of innocent people. ASIO told Four Corners "tragically [it] did not know what the perpetrators of the Bondi attack were planning" …"This is a matter of grave regret. It weighs on us heavily. But that does not mean… there was intelligence that was not acted on or that our officers made mistakes."

MARCUS: As a human, Muslim, Palestinian refugee. I certainly believe this terror attack is against the true teachings of Islam. And anyone, any group tries to justify this terror attack because of the human tragedy in Gaza is complicit in this vile anti-Semitic terror attack.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN- DUNLOP, REPORTER: A royal commission with extensive powers will now examine any intelligence failures in the lead-up to the attack. Since first warning Australians, Marcus has received death threats from ISIS sympathisers. While he's safe right now, in hiding overseas, he's seeking Australia's help with protection and resettlement. He says he's ready to give evidence.

SEAN RUBINSZTEIN-DUNLOP: It must be so upsetting to have known these men, to have watched these men, and then to see what they carried out.

MARCUS: Yes, it is. What happened on Bondi Beach was a result of a set of errors and a disregard for information. How someone like this fled out of ASIO and Australian authorities' radar. I believe this is enough to stop hiding behind security policy. People were killed brutally, were murdered. And public need to understand and to see what led to this horrible terror attack.

Four Corners' two-part special on the Bondi massacre continues with reporter Sean Rubinsztein-Dunlop's investigation into the secret lives of the terrorists, uncovering astonishing new information about the years leading up to the attack.

Drawing on an extraordinary insider account, the episode examines the gunmen's histories and their associations with an Islamic State terrorist network in Australia.

Rubinsztein-Dunlop tracks their movements and preparations in the lead-up to the attack and asks what Australian authorities knew about them and when.

Bondi: Path to Terror examines whether there were failures in intelligence and counter-terrorism in the years, months and weeks before the mass shooting.

Path to Terror is reported by Sean Rubinsztein-Dunlop and produced by Kyle Taylor and Kirsten Robb from the ABC's investigations unit, and will go to air Monday 9 February, at 8.30pm on ABC TV and ABC iview.

---

Statement from ASIO:

Four Corners' claims contain significant errors of fact.

ASIO is constrained in our ability to respond to specific questions because there is an ongoing investigation, the matter is before the courts and we now have the Royal Commission on Antisemitism and Social Cohesion.

It would not be responsible to risk prejudicing the Royal Commission, any criminal proceedings, and the ongoing investigations. In addition, many of the questions ask ASIO to disclose classified information.

Four Corners' questions fall into three broad categories:

1. Claims the Akrams embraced violent extremism in 2019

ASIO investigated Naveed Akram in 2019, using our most sensitive capabilities. We assessed he did not adhere to or intend to engage in violent extremism at that time. Having reviewed all available intelligence, we stand by our assessment at that point in Time.

Four Corners' questions about the investigation appear to be based on the uncorroborated claims of a single, unreliable and disgruntled source.The claims Four Corners is making were investigated at the time and found to be unsubstantiated. The ABC's source mis-identified Naveed Akram. That is, the source claimed Naveed Akram said and did things that were actually said and done by an entirely different person. To be clear, Four Corners' source mis-identified Naveed Akram, and therefore the associated claims are untrue.

This source also has a track record of making statements that are untrue. As another example, it is false to claim ASIO received intelligence about Sajid Akram being part of a group that discussed a plan to establish a pro-ISIS community in Türkiye. This claim is untrue.

As an additional example, Four Corners' claim – which has also been repeated on other ABC platforms – that Naveed Akram was "a close associate" of known terrorists is false. There is a significant difference between attending a prayer centre with a large gathering of people and being a "close associate" of known terrorists. This claim is untrue.

Ultimately, the Royal Commission will make its own assessment based on all the evidence and intelligence, rather than selective claims.

2. Claims about ASIO resourcing

All these claims are false. While some staff did take voluntary redundancies in 2020 as part of an Organisation-wide restructure – that is, the year after the investigation of Naveed Akram – there was practically no impact on our counter terrorism mission.

Only three counter terrorism officers departed. The person appointed to head our counter terrorism mission was a highly experienced and respected intelligence officer with 36 years of service.

Since that time, significant investments in AI and other capabilities have only enhanced our ability to collect, translate and analyse intelligence.

ASIO lowered the terrorism threat level in 2022 because there were fewer individuals with the intent to carry out attacks in Australia. Critically, though, we raised the terrorism threat level to PROBABLE in 2024, noting the most likely attack involves an individual or small group moving to violence quickly and using a rudimentary weapon such as a gun. The Bondi attack occurred after we raised the terrorism threat level.

The Director-General told Senate Estimates in February 2025 that antisemitism represented ASIO's top priority in terms of threats to life. The claim any resourcing decision increased the likelihood of the Bondi attack is false, irresponsible and demonstrates profound ignorance of ASIO's prioritisation frameworks and enduring investment in counter terrorism.

Tragically, ASIO did not know what the perpetrators of the Bondi attack were planning – or indeed that they were planning anything. This is a matter of grave regret. It weighs on us heavily. But that does not mean additional resourcing would have prevented the attack or there was intelligence that was not acted on or that our officers made mistakes.

Ultimately, the Royal Commission will make its own assessment of resourcing based on all the evidence, rather than selective claims.

3. Claims about intelligence sharing

ASIO works closely with federal, state and territory law enforcement partners, and we routinely share intelligence through the Joint Counter Terrorism teams. This is one reason why there have been 28 major terrorism disruptions since September 2014.

Ultimately, the Royal Commission will make its own assessment about intelligence sharing based on all the evidence, rather than selective claims. We will fully cooperate with the Royal Commission and hope its findings will give the public confidence in ASIO's commitment to protecting Australia and Australians.

Given the errors in Four Corners' questions, and noting the journalist has previously broadcast false claims about ASIO and the Akrams, we hold grave concerns about the accuracy of the proposed story. If the ABC chooses to publish claims it cannot substantiate – particularly ones it has been told are untrue – we will reserve our right to take further action.

---

Statement from Marcus:

I stand by my whistleblowing to the ABC, in relation to this Four Corners program 'Path to Terror' and the prior Four Corners episode 'the Agent Inside'.

I am disappointed that ASIO has chosen to denigrate me.

I reject the agency's claims that I am somehow unreliable or disgruntled. My whistleblowing is in the public interest.

I strongly deny ASIO's allegation that I ever misidentified Naveed Akram, someone I met on a regular, face-to-face basis over many years. This regrettable allegation is false and unsubstantiated.

The allegation that I am unreliable does not withstand scrutiny. If I was; ASIO would not have tasked me with infiltrating dangerous local and international terrorist networks and gathering important intelligence on their extremist members, which resulted in successful prosecution of many terrorists and prevention of a number of violent acts and terrorist attacks in Australia and other countries, nor would ASIO have nominated me for a special visa category leading to citizenship, in appreciation of my work.

Through my work for ASIO over many years, I tried to keep Australians safe and prevent terror attacks, and I did achieve that and saved lives.

I risked my life and my family's lives and made great sacrifices for this country, and in return have been left insecure and unsafe; more recently I have faced death threats from extremists ASIO asked me to monitor and from others, and now I fear the risk of prosecution because I spoke up.

All I ask for is support and protection for my family.

I am happy to provide solid proofs and more details, through the official channels, confirming my work with ASIO as a reliable and trustworthy agent.

I would also be pleased to give evidence to the Royal Commission on Antisemitism and Social Cohesion to enable it to determine the truth about intelligence failures which contributed to the tragic events at Bondi Beach in December, and to make sure such terror attacks do not happen again in Australia.

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